PERAN MENS REA DALAM SISTEM HUKUM: ANALISIS HUBUNGAN DENGAN PRINSIP ETIKA DAN KEADILAN
Keywords:
Mens Rea, Legal Ethics, Criminal Justice, Criminal Responsibility, Law
Abstract
Abstract: The concept of Mens Rea has been the foundation of criminal law for centuries, yet its relevance in contemporary crime contexts is increasingly questioned. This research aims to critically analyze the limitations and weaknesses of the Mens Rea concept in modern criminal law systems, focusing on evidentiary challenges, inadequacy in collective crimes, and systemic bias. Using normative legal research methods with a conceptual approach, this study analyzes legal literature, court decisions, and contemporary theories of criminal responsibility. The findings reveal that the Mens Rea concept faces three major challenges: difficulty in proving criminal intent that relies on subjective judicial interpretation, inadequacy of individual concepts in handling corporate and collective crimes, and bias favoring perpetrators from higher economic classes. In the digital era and modern crimes such as cybercrime, corporate environmental pollution, and systemic corruption, traditional Mens Rea concepts cannot capture the complexity of motivations and distribution of responsibility. This research recommends criminal law system reform by adopting a hybrid approach that combines considerations of intent, action, and objective impact, as well as developing the concept of "corporate mens rea" and impact-based approaches as alternatives to ensure substantive justice in handling contemporary crimes.
Keywords: Mens Rea, Legal Ethics, Criminal Justice, Criminal Responsibility, Law.
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References
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Susilawati, Ika, dan Rahmat Hidayat. “Dilema Sosial: Representasi Sosial Tentang Pajak Pada Aparatur Sipil Negara.” Jurnal Psikologi Sosial 17, no. 2 (2019): 65–74. https://doi.org/10.7454/jps.2019.10.
Suud, Aghia K. “Analisis Penerapan Konsep Pertanggungjawaban Mutlak (Strict Liability) Dalam Kasus Korupsi.” Masalah-Masalah Hukum 52, no. 2 (2023): 153–62. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.52.2.2023.153-162.
Tambunan, Edo M. “Analisis Eksistensi Etika Hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi Dalam Mewujudkan Peradilan Berintegritas Dan Akuntabel (Putusan Mk No. 90/Puu-Xxi/2023).” Iblam Law Review 4, no. 2 (2024): 50–61. https://doi.org/10.52249/ilr.v4i2.406.
Thahir, Putri S. “Legal Review of Medical Crime: Patient Protection and Professional Responsibility in Medical Practice.” Audito Comparative Law Journal (Aclj) 5, no. 2 (2024): 130–42. https://doi.org/10.22219/aclj.v5i2.33832.
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Wilson-Scott, Joanna. “Mens Rea and Narratives of Violence: The Guilty Mind in Twenty-First-Century American Literature.” American Studies in Scandinavia 53, no. 2 (2021): 23–41. https://doi.org/10.22439/asca.v53i2.6390.
Yoseanto, Baquandi L, Zamralita Zamralita, dan Rita M Idulfilastri. “Afeksi Negatif Sebagai Mediator Antara Keadilan Organisasi Dengan Perilaku Kerja Kontraproduktif-Organisasi.” Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial Humaniora Dan Seni 2, no. 2 (2018): 779. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v2i2.2315.
Anis, Mursal, Fitriati Fitriati, dan Bisma Putra Pratama. “ANALISIS PUTUSAN HAKIM DALAM PENERAPAN TEORI RETRIBUTIF DIKAITKAN DENGAN RASA KEADILAN BAGI KORBAN PADA TINDAK PIDANA PENGANIAYAAN.” Unes Journal of Swara Justisia 7, no. 2 SE-Articles (5 Juli 2023): 575–84. https://doi.org/10.31933/ujsj.v7i2.347.
Bajpai, Naval, Gunjan Sharma, Prince Dubey, dan Kushagra Kulshreshtha. “An Empirical Examination of Elder Abuse Through the Lens of Mens Rea.” The Journal of Adult Protection 22, no. 5 (2020): 269–97. https://doi.org/10.1108/jap-04-2020-0010.
Beattey, Robert A, dan Mark R Fondacaro. “The Misjudgment of Criminal Responsibility.” Behavioral Sciences & the Law 36, no. 4 (2018): 457–69. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2354.
Fahim, Md. H K. “Genocide: A Crime With Intent to Destroy in Whole or in Part.” Lex Publica 10, no. 1 (2023): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.58829/lp.10.1.2023.1-13.
Giffin, Carly, dan Tania Lombrozo. “Wrong or Merely Prohibited: Special Treatment of Strict Liability in Intuitive Moral Judgment.” Law and Human Behavior 40, no. 6 (2016): 707–20. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000212.
Ginting, Nabila M. “Disparitas Hukuman Hakim Terhadap Para Terpidana Penyerobotan Tanah (Studi Putusan No. 85k/Pid/2017 Dan No. 28pk/Pid/2019).” Neoclassical Legal Review Journal of Law and Contemporary Issues 3, no. 1 (2024): 21–27. https://doi.org/10.32734/nlr.v3i1.15518.
Haritsa, Haritsa, dan Zohra Moha. “Analisis Hukum Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Oleh Pelaku Pencabulan Terhadap Anak Di Kota Gorontalo.” Al-Mujtahid Journal of Islamic Family Law 2, no. 1 (2022): 16. https://doi.org/10.30984/ajifl.v2i1.1935.
haryansyah. “Etika Dan Moral Penegakan Hukum,” 2023. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/xjyzm.
Ihsan, Muhammad Ficqhi Taufik Muhlisani. “A Comparative Legal Study: Euthanasia for Psychological Reasons.” Golden Ratio of Law and Social Policy Review 3, no. 2 (2024): 57–73. https://doi.org/10.52970/grlspr.v3i2.341.
International Criminal Court. Rome Statute of The International Criminal Court (1998).
Keydar, Renana. “‘Everyone’s Child’: The Challenge of Judging Israeli Soldiers in the Shadow of the Conflict.” Law Culture and the Humanities 18, no. 3 (2019): 765–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/1743872119852078.
Kharismadohan, Alif. “Mens Rea and State Loses on Corruption Cases: An Analysis of Corruption Court Judgment of Semarang.” Journal of Law and Legal Reform 1, no. 1 (2019): 61–76. https://doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v1i1.35407.
Lachowski, Jerzy. “Negligence in Polish and English Criminal Law.” Comparative Law Review 20 (2016): 87. https://doi.org/10.12775/clr.2015.012.
Nisa, Eka. “Kesadaran Dan Ketaatan Masyarakat Terhadap Hukum Di Indonesia.” DeCive 2, no. 2 (2022): 70–78. https://doi.org/10.56393/decive.v2i2.1498.
Nuha, Mohamad U. “Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi Terhadap Tindak Pidana Yang Dilakukan Oleh Karyawan Marketing.” Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum 9, no. 1 (2018). https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v9i1.2192.
Pirro, Silvana D, Peter Lush, Jim Parkinson, Theodora Duka, Hugo Critchley, dan Aldo Badiani. “Effect of Alcohol on the Sense of Agency in Healthy Humans.” Addiction Biology 25, no. 4 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12796.
Rizqiqa, Larasati D, dan Budi A Atmaja. “Penentuan Mens Rea Dalam Unsur Perencanaan Terlebih Dahulu Pada Perkara Penganiayaan Pasal 353 Ayat 2 KUHP Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Penegakan Hukum Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Belo 6, no. 2 (2021): 126–47. https://doi.org/10.30598/belovol6issue2page126-147.
Sangalang, Rizki S. “Tinjauan Hukum Pidana Perbuatan Prank Yang Menimbulkan Korban.” Morality Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 9, no. 2 (2023): 344. https://doi.org/10.52947/morality.v9i2.445.
Saputra, Ade R. “Legal Philosophy’s View of the Role of Advocate Professional Ethics as an Honorable Profession in Carrying Out Good Law Enforcement.” Formosa Journal of Sustainable Research 2, no. 11 (2023): 2639–48. https://doi.org/10.55927/fjsr.v2i11.6592.
Sari, Anak Agung Ayu Sinta Paramita. “Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Dan Pemidanaan Terhadap Pelaku Pedofilia Dalam Hukum Pidana Indonesia.” Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) 6, no. 1 (2017): 23. https://doi.org/10.24843/jmhu.2017.v06.i01.p03.
Situmorang, Parulian. “Legal Reconstruction of Mens Rea of the Tax Crimes in Indonesia.” Journal of Tax Law and Policy 2, no. 1 (2023): 19–28. https://doi.org/10.56282/jtlp.v2i1.480.
Soeskandi, Hari, dan Setia Sekarwati. “Pembuktian Terbalik Dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi.” Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi 2, no. 11 (2021): 1942–50. https://doi.org/10.36418/jist.v2i11.280.
Susilawati, Ika, dan Rahmat Hidayat. “Dilema Sosial: Representasi Sosial Tentang Pajak Pada Aparatur Sipil Negara.” Jurnal Psikologi Sosial 17, no. 2 (2019): 65–74. https://doi.org/10.7454/jps.2019.10.
Suud, Aghia K. “Analisis Penerapan Konsep Pertanggungjawaban Mutlak (Strict Liability) Dalam Kasus Korupsi.” Masalah-Masalah Hukum 52, no. 2 (2023): 153–62. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.52.2.2023.153-162.
Tambunan, Edo M. “Analisis Eksistensi Etika Hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi Dalam Mewujudkan Peradilan Berintegritas Dan Akuntabel (Putusan Mk No. 90/Puu-Xxi/2023).” Iblam Law Review 4, no. 2 (2024): 50–61. https://doi.org/10.52249/ilr.v4i2.406.
Thahir, Putri S. “Legal Review of Medical Crime: Patient Protection and Professional Responsibility in Medical Practice.” Audito Comparative Law Journal (Aclj) 5, no. 2 (2024): 130–42. https://doi.org/10.22219/aclj.v5i2.33832.
Tongian, Felix, Jullie J Sondakh, dan Jenny Morasa. “Pengaruh Penganggaran Partisipatif Terhadap Kinerja Manajerial Dengan Persepsi Keadilan Dan Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Dan Desentralisasi Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Pada Kementrian Agama Provinsi Sulawesi Utara.” Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Auditing Goodwill 9, no. 1 (2018). https://doi.org/10.35800/jjs.v9i1.19350.
Widyana, I M. “Penanganan Polri Terhadap Tindak Pidana Perbankan Berdasarkan Restorative Justice.” Jurnal Impresi Indonesia 1, no. 12 (2022): 1282–88. https://doi.org/10.58344/jii.v1i12.1314.
Wilson-Scott, Joanna. “Mens Rea and Narratives of Violence: The Guilty Mind in Twenty-First-Century American Literature.” American Studies in Scandinavia 53, no. 2 (2021): 23–41. https://doi.org/10.22439/asca.v53i2.6390.
Yoseanto, Baquandi L, Zamralita Zamralita, dan Rita M Idulfilastri. “Afeksi Negatif Sebagai Mediator Antara Keadilan Organisasi Dengan Perilaku Kerja Kontraproduktif-Organisasi.” Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial Humaniora Dan Seni 2, no. 2 (2018): 779. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v2i2.2315.
Published
2025-07-02
How to Cite
Humam Balya, Muh. Zidni Syukran, and Abrar Abrar. 2025. “PERAN MENS REA DALAM SISTEM HUKUM: ANALISIS HUBUNGAN DENGAN PRINSIP ETIKA DAN KEADILAN”. As-Salam: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam & Pendidikan 14 (1), 99-107. https://doi.org/10.51226/assalam.v14i1.713.
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Articles
Copyright (c) 2025 Humam Balya, Muh. Zidni Syukran, Abrar Abrar
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